:root{
  --bg:#ffffff;
  --bg-soft:#f5f5f5;
  --header-bg:rgba(255,255,255,0.9);
  --ink:#111111;
  --ink-soft:#595959;
  --ink-faint:#6b6b6b;
  --ink-tailwind:#EA580C;
  --ink-tailhover:#C2410C;
  
  --line:#e8e8e8;
  --border-strong:#8c8c8c;
  --accent:#111111;
  --max:920px;
  --font-head-one:"Inter", sans-serif;
  --font-body-one:"Merriweather", serif;
  }
/* All text/border colors above meet or exceed WCAG AA contrast
   (4.5:1 for text, 3:1 for interactive borders) against --bg / --bg-soft. */
[data-theme="dark"]{
  --bg:#121212;
  --bg-soft:#1c1c1c;
  --header-bg:rgba(18,18,18,0.88);
  --ink:#f0f0f0;
  --ink-soft:#a3a3a3;
  --ink-faint:#8a8a8a;
  --ink-tailwind:#EA580C;
  --line:#2a2a2a;
  --border-strong:#6b6b6b;
  --accent:#f0f0f0;
}
*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0;}
html{scroll-behavior:smooth;}
body{
  background:var(--bg);
  color:var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--font-body-one);
  /*font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Helvetica Neue",Arial,sans-serif;*/
  line-height:1.65;
  -webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;
  transition:background .2s ease, color .2s ease;
}

h1,h2,h3,h4,h5{
  font-family: var(--font-head-one);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-style: normal;
}
a{color:var(--ink-tailwind);text-decoration:none;}
img{max-width:100%;display:block;}
.wrap{max-width:var(--max);margin:0 auto;padding:0 28px;}

/* Accessibility utilities */
.sr-only{
  position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;padding:0;margin:-1px;
  overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);white-space:nowrap;border:0;
}
.skip-link{
  position:absolute;left:12px;top:-60px;z-index:200;
  background:var(--ink);color:var(--bg);
  padding:12px 18px;border-radius:4px;
  font-size:14px;font-weight:600;
  transition:top .15s ease;
}
.skip-link:focus{top:12px;}
a:focus-visible,button:focus-visible,input:focus-visible,textarea:focus-visible{
  outline:2px solid var(--ink);outline-offset:3px;
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce){
  html{scroll-behavior:auto;}
  *,*::before,*::after{
    transition-duration:0.001ms !important;
    animation-duration:0.001ms !important;
    scroll-behavior:auto !important;
  }
}

/* Nav */
header{
  position:sticky;top:0;z-index:50;
  background:var(--header-bg);
  backdrop-filter:blur(6px);
  border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);
  transition:background .2s ease, border-color .2s ease;
}
nav.wrap{
  display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;
  height:72px;
}
.logo{font-size:16px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:-0.01em;}
.navlinks{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:28px;}
.navlinks a{
  font-size:14px;font-weight:400;color:var(--ink-soft);
  padding:8px 2px;
  transition:color .15s ease;
}
.navlinks a:hover{color:var(--ink);}
.navlinks a.active{color:var(--ink);font-weight:600;}
.theme-toggle{
  display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;
  width:34px;height:34px;border-radius:50%;
  border:1px solid var(--border-strong);color:var(--ink-soft);
  background:transparent;cursor:pointer;font-size:15px;
  transition:all .15s ease;
}
.theme-toggle:hover{border-color:var(--ink);color:var(--ink);}

/* Hero */
.hero{padding:110px 0 100px;}
.hero p.eyebrow{
  font-size:16px;color:var(--ink-faint);margin-bottom:20px;
}
.hero h1{
  font-size:clamp(34px,6vw,54px);
  font-weight:600;
  letter-spacing:-0.02em;
  line-height:1.2;
  max-width:680px;
}
.hero .sub{
  margin-top:22px;
  font-size:17px;
  color:var(--ink-soft);
  max-width:480px;
}
.hero .cta-row{
  margin-top:36px;
  display:flex;gap:16px;flex-wrap:wrap;
}
.btn{
  display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;
  padding:12px 22px;
  border-radius:4px;
  font-size:14px;font-weight:500;
  transition:all .15s ease;
  border:1px solid transparent;
}
.btn-primary{background:var(--ink-tailwind);color:var(--bg);}
.btn-primary:hover{background:var(--ink-tailhover)}
.btn-ghost{border-color:var(--border-strong);color:var(--ink); background: transparent;}
.btn-ghost:hover{border-color:var(--ink);}

hr.rule{border:none;border-top:1px solid var(--line);}


.pl-30{ padding-left:30px; }
.about-text p.mb-0, .mb-0{margin-bottom: 0px;}

/* Section shared */
section{padding:88px 0;}
.section-head{margin-bottom:48px;}
.section-head h2{
  font-size:clamp(24px,4vw,30px);
  font-weight:600;letter-spacing:-0.01em;
}
.section-head p{color:var(--ink-soft);font-size:16px;
  /*margin-top:10px;*/
  max-width:440px;}

/* About */
.about-grid{
  display:grid;grid-template-columns:220px 1fr;gap:56px;align-items:start;
}
.about-photo{
  aspect-ratio:1/1;
  border-radius:6px;
  background:var(--bg-soft);
  border:1px solid var(--line);
  display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;
  color:var(--ink-faint);font-size:13px;
}
.about-pic img{border-radius: 50%;}
.about-text p{margin-bottom:16px;color:var(--ink-soft);font-size:16px;max-width:560px;}
.about-text p strong{color:var(--ink);font-weight:700;}
.skills{margin-top:28px;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;}
.skills span{
  font-size:13px;padding:6px 12px;border-radius:20px;
  background:var(--bg-soft);border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--ink-soft);
}

/* Work — simple list */
.project-list{border-top:1px solid var(--line);}
.project-row{
  display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 180px;gap:32px;
  padding:32px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);
  align-items:center;
}
.project-text .cat{font-size:14px;color:var(--ink-faint);}
.project-text h3{
  font-size:20px;font-weight:600;margin:0px 0 8px;letter-spacing:-0.01em;
}

.project-text h3 a{ font-family:var(--font-body-one); }
.project-text h3 a:hover{color:var(--ink-tailhover);}
.project-text p{font-size:16px;color:var(--ink-soft);max-width:460px;}
.project-thumb{
  aspect-ratio:4/3;
  border-radius:6px;
  background:var(--bg-soft);
  border:1px solid var(--line);
  display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;
  color:var(--ink-faint);font-size:12px;
  overflow:hidden;
}
.project-thumb img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;}
.project-thumb-link{display:block;}
.project-thumb-link:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--ink);outline-offset:3px;}

/* Contact */
#contact{background:var(--bg-soft);border-top:1px solid var(--line);transition:background .2s ease;}
.contact-grid{
  display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:48px;
}
.contact-info a{
  display:block;font-size:18px;font-weight:600;margin-bottom:10px;
}
.contact-info a:hover{color:var(--ink-soft);}
.social-row{display:flex;gap:18px;margin-top:22px;}
.social-row a{font-size:14px;color:var(--ink-soft);}
.social-row a:hover{color:var(--ink);}
form{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:14px;}
form label{font-size:13px;font-weight:600;color:var(--ink);margin-bottom:2px;}
form input, form textarea{
  background:var(--bg);border:1px solid var(--border-strong);border-radius:4px;
  color:var(--ink);font-size:15px;padding:11px 13px;font-family:inherit;
  outline:none;
}
form input::placeholder, form textarea::placeholder{color:var(--ink-faint);}
form input:focus, form textarea:focus{border-color:var(--ink);}
form button{
  margin-top:4px;align-self:flex-start;
  /*background:var(--ink);color:var(--bg);*/
  border:none;
  padding:11px 22px;border-radius:4px;font-weight:500;font-size:14px;
  cursor:pointer;transition:opacity .15s ease;
}
form button:hover{opacity:.1;}

footer{padding:40px 0;text-align:center;color:var(--ink-faint);font-size:13px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);}
.footer-inner{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;gap:14px;}
.a11y-badge{
  display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;
  padding:6px 14px;border-radius:999px;
  border:1px solid var(--border-strong);color:var(--ink-soft);
  font-size:12px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:0.02em;
}
.a11y-badge svg{width:14px;height:14px;flex-shrink:0;}

/* ============ Case study page ============ */
.back-link{
  display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;
  font-size:14px;color:var(--ink-soft);padding:8px 2px;
}
.back-link:hover{color:var(--ink);}

.case-hero{padding:64px 0 56px;}
.case-hero .cat{font-size:13px;color:var(--ink-faint);}
.case-hero h1{
  font-size:clamp(30px,5vw,46px);
  font-weight:600;letter-spacing:-0.02em;line-height:1.15;
  margin:14px 0 20px;max-width:760px;
}
.case-hero .dek{font-size:17px;color:var(--ink-soft);max-width:620px;}

.meta-list{
  display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:24px;
  margin-top:40px;padding-top:32px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);
}
.meta-list dt{font-size:12px;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.06em;color:var(--ink-faint);margin-bottom:6px;}
.meta-list dd{font-size:15px;font-weight:600;}

.case-cover{
  aspect-ratio:16/9;border-radius:8px;
  background:var(--bg-soft);border:1px solid var(--line);
  display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;
  color:var(--ink-faint);font-size:13px;overflow:hidden;
}
.case-cover img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;}

.case-body{max-width:680px;}
.case-body h2{font-size:24px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:-0.01em;margin:56px 0 16px;}
.case-body h2:first-child{margin-top:0;}
.case-body p{font-size:16px;color:var(--ink-soft);margin-bottom:16px;}
.case-body ul{margin:0 0 16px 20px;color:var(--ink-soft);font-size:16px;}
.case-body li{margin-bottom:8px;}

.case-image{
  aspect-ratio:16/9;border-radius:8px;margin:32px 0;
  background:var(--bg-soft);border:1px solid var(--line);
  display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;
  color:var(--ink-faint);font-size:13px;overflow:hidden;
}
.case-image img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;}
.case-image figcaption{font-size:13px;color:var(--ink-faint);margin-top:8px;}

.pull-quote{
  border-left:3px solid var(--ink);
  padding:4px 0 4px 24px;margin:40px 0;
  font-size:20px;font-weight:500;letter-spacing:-0.01em;line-height:1.4;
  max-width:600px;
}
.pull-quote cite{display:block;margin-top:12px;font-size:13px;font-style:normal;color:var(--ink-faint);}

.results-grid{
  display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:24px;
  margin:40px 0;
}
.results-grid.cols-4{grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);}
.result-card{
  border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:8px;padding:24px;
}
.result-card h3{font-size:30px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:-0.02em;}
.result-card span{font-size:16px;color:var(--ink-soft);}

.prev-next-nav{
  display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:24px;
  border-top:1px solid var(--line);margin-top:80px;padding-top:32px;
}
.prev-next-nav a{
  display:block;    padding: 10px 20px;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:8px;
  transition:border-color .15s ease;
}
.prev-next-nav a:hover{border-color:var(--ink);}
.prev-next-nav .dir{font-size:12px;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.06em;color:var(--ink-faint);}
.prev-next-nav .title{font-size:17px;font-weight:600;margin-top:6px;}
.prev-next-nav .next{text-align:right;}

/* ============ Long-form process case study (Mapletoft-style) ============ */
.case-tagline{
  font-size:14px;font-weight:600;color:var(--ink-faint);
  margin-bottom:10px;font-family:monospace,monospace;
}
.meta-list.cols-3{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);}

.hero-mockups{
  display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:24px;
  margin-top:48px;
}

nav.footer-nav{    height: auto;
    padding: 24px;}
.mockup-portrait{aspect-ratio:16/9;
  /*max-width:280px;*/
  margin:0 auto;}

.overview-block{max-width:720px;margin:0 auto;}
.overview-block .label{
  font-size:13px;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.08em;
  color:var(--ink-faint);margin-bottom:10px;display:block;
}
.overview-block h2{font-size:24px;font-weight:600;margin-bottom:14px;letter-spacing:-0.01em;}
.overview-block p{font-size:16px;color:var(--ink-soft);margin-bottom:10px;}
.overview-block .cite{font-size:13px;color:var(--ink-faint);margin-bottom:28px;}
.overview-block .cite:last-child{margin-bottom:0;}

.stage{padding:88px 0;border-top:1px solid var(--line);}
.stage-label{font-size:13px;letter-spacing:0.1em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--ink-faint);margin-bottom:10px;}
.stage-title{font-size:clamp(34px,6vw,30px);font-weight:700;letter-spacing:-0.02em;margin-bottom:20px;line-height: normal;}
.stage-intro{font-size:16px;color:var(--ink-soft);max-width:640px;margin-bottom:48px;}
.stage-sub{font-size:20px;font-weight:600;margin:40px 0 14px;letter-spacing:-0.01em;}
.stage-sub:first-of-type{margin-top:0;}

.problem-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);gap:28px;}
.problem-card{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:8px;overflow:hidden;}
.problem-card .thumb{
  aspect-ratio:16/10;background:var(--bg-soft);
  display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;
  color:var(--ink-faint);font-size:12px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);
}
.problem-card .body{padding:20px;}
.problem-card h3{font-size:16px;font-weight:600;margin-bottom:8px;}
.problem-card p{font-size:14px;color:var(--ink-soft);}

.ia-tree{list-style:none;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:8px;padding:28px 32px;}
.ia-tree > li{margin-bottom:20px;}
.ia-tree > li:last-child{margin-bottom:0;}
.ia-tree h3{font-size:15px;font-weight:600;margin-bottom:8px;}
.ia-tree ul{list-style:none;padding-left:16px;}
.ia-tree ul li{
  font-size:14px;color:var(--ink-soft);padding:4px 0 4px 16px;
  border-left:1px solid var(--line);
}

.before-after{margin-bottom:64px;}
.before-after:last-child{margin-bottom:0;}
.before-after .letter{
  display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;
  width:28px;height:28px;border-radius:50%;border:1px solid var(--border-strong);
  font-size:13px;font-weight:700;margin-bottom:16px;
}
.before-after .flow-title{font-size:20px;font-weight:600;margin-bottom:6px;letter-spacing:-0.01em;}
.before-after .flow-sub{font-size:14px;color:var(--ink-faint);margin-bottom:24px;}
.image-pair{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:20px;margin-bottom:24px;}
.image-pair figure{margin:0;}
.image-pair .shot{
  aspect-ratio:4/3;border-radius:8px;background:var(--bg-soft);
  border:1px solid var(--line);
  display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;
  color:var(--ink-faint);font-size:12px;
}
.image-pair figcaption{font-size:12px;color:var(--ink-faint);margin-top:8px;text-align:center;}
.change-notes{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:24px;}
.change-notes p{font-size:14px;color:var(--ink-soft);}
.change-notes strong{color:var(--ink);}

.a11y-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:24px;margin-top:8px;}
.a11y-item{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:8px;padding:24px;}
.a11y-item .num{font-size:13px;color:var(--ink-faint);font-weight:600;margin-bottom:12px;}
.a11y-item h3{font-size:16px;font-weight:600;margin-bottom:8px;}
.a11y-item p{font-size:14px;color:var(--ink-soft);}
.theme-pair{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:20px;margin-bottom:40px;}

.takeaway-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:48px;}
.takeaway-grid h3{font-size:16px;font-weight:600;margin-bottom:14px;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.04em;color:var(--ink-faint);}
.takeaway-grid ul{list-style:none;}
.takeaway-grid li{
  font-size:15px;color:var(--ink-soft);margin-bottom:14px;padding-left:18px;position:relative;
}
.takeaway-grid li::before{content:"-";position:absolute;left:0;color:var(--ink-faint);}
.takeaway-grid li strong{color:var(--ink);}

.dash-list{list-style:none;}
.dash-list li{
  font-size:15px;color:var(--ink-soft);margin-bottom:14px;padding-left:18px;position:relative;
}
.dash-list li::before{content:"-";position:absolute;left:0;color:var(--ink-faint);}
.dash-list li strong{color:var(--ink);}

.quad-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);gap:24px;}
.quad-card{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:8px;padding:24px;}
.quad-card h3{
  font-size:13px;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.08em;
  color:var(--ink-faint);margin-bottom:14px;
}
.quad-card ul{list-style:none;}
.quad-card li{font-size:15px;color:var(--ink-soft);margin-bottom:8px;}
.quad-card li:last-child{margin-bottom:0;}

.persona-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);gap:28px;}
.persona-card{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:8px;padding:28px;}
.persona-avatar{
  width:56px;height:56px;border-radius:50%;
  background:var(--bg-soft);border:1px solid var(--line);
  display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;
  color:var(--ink-faint);font-size:18px;font-weight:600;
  margin-bottom:16px;
}
.persona-card h3{font-size:18px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:-0.01em;}
.persona-card .persona-meta{font-size:13px;color:var(--ink-faint);margin-bottom:18px;}
.persona-card .persona-label{
  font-size:12px;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:0.06em;
  color:var(--ink-faint);margin-bottom:6px;margin-top:16px;
}
.persona-card .persona-label:first-of-type{margin-top:0;}
.persona-card p{font-size:14px;color:var(--ink-soft);}

.feature-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:24px;margin-top:8px;}
.feature-item{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:8px;padding:24px;}
.feature-item .num{font-size:13px;color:var(--ink-faint);font-weight:600;margin-bottom:12px;}
.feature-item h3{font-size:16px;font-weight:600;margin-bottom:8px;}
.feature-item p{font-size:14px;color:var(--ink-soft);}

.shot-row{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:16px;margin-bottom:8px;}
.shot-row .shot{aspect-ratio:4/3;}
.shot-label{font-size:13px;color:var(--ink-faint);margin:20px 0 12px;}
.shot-label:first-child{margin-top:0;}

.tag-row{margin-top:8px;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;}
.tag-row span{
  font-size:13px;padding:6px 12px;border-radius:26px;
  background:var(--bg-soft);border:1px solid var(--line);color:var(--ink-soft);
}

.logo-showcase{
  aspect-ratio:21/9;
  /*max-width:640px;*/
  margin:48px auto 0;border-radius:8px;
  background:var(--bg-soft);border:1px solid var(--line);
  display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;
  color:var(--ink-faint);font-size:13px;overflow:hidden;
}
.logo-showcase img{max-width:80%;max-height:80%;object-fit:contain;}

.palette-row{display:flex;gap:28px;margin-top:32px;flex-wrap:wrap;}
.swatch{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:8px;align-items:flex-start;}
.swatch .chip{width:56px;height:56px;border-radius:8px;border:1px solid var(--line);}
.swatch span{font-size:12px;color:var(--ink-faint);}

.cta-band{text-align:center;padding:96px 0;border-top:1px solid var(--line);}
.cta-band h2{font-size:clamp(28px,5vw,40px);font-weight:600;letter-spacing:-0.02em;margin-bottom:16px;}
.cta-band p{font-size:16px;color:var(--ink-soft);max-width:480px;margin:0 auto 28px;}
.cta-band .email-link{font-size:20px;font-weight:600;}
.cta-band .email-link:hover{color:var(--ink-soft);}

@media (max-width:720px){
  .about-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;}
  .about-photo{width:120px;}
  .about-pic img{display:none;}
  .contact-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;}
  .project-row{grid-template-columns:1fr;}
  .project-thumb{order:-1;aspect-ratio:16/9;}
  .meta-list{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);}
  .results-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;}
  .prev-next-nav{grid-template-columns:1fr;}
  .prev-next-nav .next{text-align:left;}
  .hero-mockups{grid-template-columns:1fr;}
  .problem-grid,.a11y-grid,.image-pair,.change-notes,.takeaway-grid,.theme-pair{grid-template-columns:1fr;}
  .meta-list.cols-3{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;}
  .quad-grid,.persona-grid,.feature-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;}
  .results-grid.cols-4{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);}
  .shot-row{grid-template-columns:1fr;}
}
@media (max-width:560px){
  .navlinks a:not(.always){display:none;}
  .hero{padding:72px 0 56px;}
  section{padding:60px 0;}
  .stage{padding:64px 0;}
}

/* Portfolio page: on screens larger than an iPad, each top-level section
   (Home, About, Work, Contact) fills the space below the sticky nav, with
   its content vertically centered. Sections with more content than one
   viewport (e.g. a long Work list) simply grow past 100vh rather than
   clipping — min-height, not a fixed height. */
@media (min-width:1025px){
  .hero,
  #about,
  #work,
  #contact{
    min-height:calc(100vh - 72px);
    display:flex;
    align-items:center;
  }
  .hero > .wrap,
  #about > .wrap,
  #work > .wrap,
  #contact > .wrap{
    width:100%;
  }
}